Omega is the 24th and last letter of the greek alphabet. Omega was also adopted into the early Cyrillic alphabet.
A mark you come across on jewelry is the omega mark of Sheffield which is found on UK Sheffield Imported wares - on Platinum since 1975, Sterling Silver since 1906 to the present, and all grades of gold except 24ct since 1906 to present. Only the shape of the shield the omega appears within, in the above three cases will appear different, but the omega mark is identical.
585 (parts per 1000) or 58.5% is the millesimal value or equivalent of 14K, or 14ct. (On Asian manufactured jewelry for overseas market. Common in USA. Russian 584.)
You mention, it's a victorian 19th brooch, what makes you think this? Could you describe the hinge; if it's a Tube Hinge for example, which was in circulation in the 1890's, the pin stem is attached to the center tube and is set between the 2 end tubes which are stationary.
The omega symbol on this brooch could be the manufacturers mark, known as the sponsor's mark, and you often find a jewelry mark in the process of eliminating what it's not. You might like to try researching in the Jewelry marks 1922 edition link in the Jewelry Resources. You may find the link quite useful. Happy Hunting!
best wishes, Yvonne Hammouda-Eyre
Apologies for the delay in responding, I stumbled on your question by mistake, your question with OMEGA in the title bar was originally sent to the watch marks expert, and we are no longer able to provide free opinions for watch marks.
This is why it's so important to be as precise and explicit as possible and naming your item in the title.